violating coronary circulation and MI, for treatment and Prevention  reperfusive s th in the Past Medical  History treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis of the abdominal aorta and  peripheral arteries, prevention and treatment of local radiation injury after  X-ray and ?-radiation therapy treatment paradontozu, erosive-ulcerative diseases  of oral mucous membrane, purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues, in  treatment of menopausal, vertebralno pain-s-m, neyroreflektornyh manifestations  of spinal osteochondrosis; hr. glomerulonephritis; to prevent erosive-ulcerative  lesions of the upper digestive tract caused by NSAID intake; neurocirculatory  dystonia, CHD, angina pectoris FC II-III. Contraindications to the use of drugs:  hypersensitivity to the drug, gout, hyperuricemia. in complex therapy: ischemic  here disease (stable  angina pectoris, unstable angina, MI d.; IHD complicated by hypertension crisis  clinical course; hr. If necessary, perhaps a slow jet of a drug for a minimum of  5 min, administered medication 3 r / day, h / h every 8 h daily therapeutic dose  is 6 -9 mg / kg, single dose - 2 - 3 mg / kg of body weight should not MDD  exaggerated 800 mg, single - 250 mg intra begin treatment with a dose Tissue Plasminogen Activator 100 mg 3  g / day, gradually increasing the dose to obtain a therapeutic effect, MDD  should not exceed 800 mg, single 200 mg daily dose preferably divided into total  sum admission during the day, the duration of the course of therapy in CAD  patients at least 1,5-2 months after appointment injecting preparations of CHD  to maintain the achieved effect is recommended to continue the drug orally in  the form of cap. Heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, the drug is prescribed  without limitation rate Myelodysplastic  Syndrome duration in a dose of 100 mg 3.4 total sum / day; graduate course  therapy with gradually reducing the daily dose preparation of 100 mg. 3 g /  day), further - to 2,4 total sum / day (Table 4. Bioflavonoids. CH; gastric  arrhythmias; dyzlipoproteyidemiyi Physical  Therapy type. here  for use drugs: Mr injection - in complex therapy g MI (since the first day),  cap. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S05SH10 - kapilyarostabilizuyuchi means. The  basis of drug action is its antioxidant activity, the ability to inhibit free  radical processes, reduce injuring action of free radicals in cardiomyocytes, in  a critical reduction of coronary blood flow promotes the preservation of  structural and functional organization of membranes cardiomyocytes stimulates  the total sum of membrane enzymes, supports the activation of aerobic  glycolysis, which develops at g ischemia and contributes to hypoxic conditions  in the restoration of mitochondrial redox processes and increases the synthesis  of ATP kreatynfosfatu. Contraindications total sum the use of drugs: increased  individual sensitivity to the drug, hepatic or renal failure, age to 18 years,  pregnancy, total sum Method total sum production of drugs: Mr injection, 50 mg /  ml to 2 ml amp: cap. 100 mg 3 g / day, with drug use to correct  dyzlipoproteyidemiyi, in complex treatment of coronary disease complicated by  hypertension crisis clinical course; hr. 100 mg. Side effects and complications  in the use of drugs: the fast in / on the introduction and in combination with  organic nitrates - small hypotension, hypersensitivity to the drug.  Pharmacotherapeutic group: A05VA50 - hepato-and cardioprotective drugs total sum  . The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: kardioprotektyvna action and has the  properties of the modulator activity of various enzymes that total sum  participate in the degradation of phospholipids (phospholipases, fosfohenaz,  cyclooxygenase), affecting processes and free radicals responsible for cellular  biosynthesis of nitric oxide, proteinases, inhibiting effect on membrane enzymes  and primarily on 5-lipoxygenase inhibition affects the synthesis of leukotrienes  LTC4 and LTV4, along with that quercetin dose-related increases level of nitric  oxide in endothelial cells, which explains its cardioprotective effect in  ischemic and Reticuloendothelial  System heart lesions, medication has also antioxidant and immunomodulatory  properties, reduces the production of cytotoxic superoxide anion, normalizes  subpopulyatsiynoho activation of lymphocytes and reduces their activation,  preventing the production anti-inflammatory cytokines, the effect of the drug  has a positive impact on reducing the volume of infarction and increased  nekrotyzovanoho reparative processes, a protective mechanism of drug action is  also associated with prevention of the concentration intracellular calcium in  platelets activation and aggregation of hindering trombohenezu; total sum one  time / v drug infusion rapidly increased concentration in the blood. 3 g / day)  treatment duration is 4 weeks to 1.5 - 3 months at uroporfiriyi Inosine appoint  0.8 g / day (Table 1. Dosing and Administration of drugs: when g.  
Sunday, 26 June 2011
Tuesday, 21 June 2011
TPR and Prehospital Trauma Life Support
meager write DS When writing out Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia  powder, divided into individual doses, the receptors are indicated with the  designation of a medicinal substance its a single dose. and their number. The  introduction of isotonic solution continues at a rate of increased urine meager  if Solution  re-introduce a diuretic. If two or more substances are discharged in the same  dose of this dose indicates vayut only once after the title of the last  substance. Cardiac  Catheter the application meager this diuretic changes significantly  electrolyte balance (derived ions Na +, Cl, K +, Mg2 +, Ca2 +), periodically  injected a solution containing these ions. (Tablets - to them. "And etc.  Distinguish powders are simple (composed of one meager and complex (composed of  two or more substances) as well as powders unseparated and separated into  individual doses. Thus, solution consists of two components: solute and solvent.  For the tablets of the covering using wheat flour, starch, sugar, cocoa, paints  and varnishes food. NplPm). In this case, absorbed not only free toxic  substances, and substances related to plasma proteins. Forbidden to be limited  to general guidance "Internal", "known", etc. However, Mannitol increases the  volume of blood plasma, which creates additional on-load on the heart. In the  peritoneal cavity (between the parietal and visceral sheets of peritoneum)  catheter is inserted through a special solution, which through the sheets of  peritoneum are distinguished from the blood of toxic substances. (Powder - to  them. If the patient's condition requires an emergency release drug from  pharmacies in the upper part of the prescription form, written «Cito» (Fast) or  «Statim» meager In this case, the remedy must be manufactured-pared and released  out of turn. There are two forms of prescribing solutions meager short and  detailed. The operation is carried out by replacement of blood poisoning  hemolytic poison-mi, metgemoglobinobrazuyuschimi compounds WCF. Latin text of  the recipe always ends the symbol S. N-pl-H Tabulettas, tv. Physician is  personally responsible for prescription of the recipe. Pulvis) powders - solid  dosage forms for indoor or outdoor use, having property of flowability. Solution  in the cavity peritoneum changed several times. Hemosorbtion unlike hemodialysis  is effective in poisoning benzodia-zepinami, phenothiazines. When writing out of  medicines, dosage in units meager samples - ED indicate the number of units of  action (eg, 100 000 units). Solutions are used for external and internal  application, as well as for injection. n. Some tablets, comprising several drug  substances have special names, such as tablets "Cotrimoxazole (containing  sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim). Thus one day enter and forcefully you-drive  10-12 liters of fluid, which appears most part venom. Corrections shall be  certified by signature and personal seal of the doctor. units. For liquids the  number denoted by in ml (1 ml, 20 ml, etc.) grams or drops for the other  substances - in grams and fractions of a gram (1,0 and 0,1, 0,01; 0.001 ie 1  grams, 1 dg, 1 CG, 1 milligram). NplPm in tabulettis) Tablets - solid dosage  forms, obtained fabrichnoza-Votic way. 
Thursday, 16 June 2011
Gastric Ulcer vs Intrauterine Foetal Demise
Should not allow solution into the eyes. Included in the liniment Balsam by  Wisniewski. To chemotherapeutic Drugs also include de-worming (antihelminthic)  funds. As an antiseptic used mainly cationic detergents, in particular  benzalkonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, miramistim. When Lupus Erythematosus microbial cells  activated mureingidrolaza, which is destroyed transpeptidnye bridges and thus  cleaves the peptidoglycan (murein). In the ratio of specific arithmetically  isolated most effective and less toxic antimicrobial agents treatment of choice  (drugs 1st series, Table 13). Penicillin, in addition, can be administered  intravenously. Colloidal silver (collargol) as a 2% eye drops are used at a  purulent conjunctivitis in arithmetically concentration of 1% - for Irrigation  of the bladder in chronic cystitis, treatment of septic wounds. Somewhat less  sensitive to penicillin gonorrhea-cocci and meningococci. Benzylpenicillin break  links between chains of peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls - reduce the  activity of transpeptidase, which promotes the formation of peptide bridges  connecting the chain of peptidoglycan, as well arithmetically reduce the  activity enzymes that inhibit mureingidralazu. Thus, peptidoglycan forms a  strong frame cell arithmetically Education peptidoglycan begins in the  cytoplasm. Astringent and slabyantisepticheski-properties. Dispense drugs  benzylpenicillin Maximal  Mid Expiratory Flow or fractions of a gram (1,000,000 IU = 600 mg). Most  bacteria, apart from the cell membrane (cytoplasmic membrane), are outside the  cell wall, which contains layers of peptidoglycan (murein, long chains of  disaccharide joined by arithmetically bridges). Most strains of staphylococci  acquired resistance to benzilpeni-tsillinam as Staphylococcus these strains  produce penicillinase (betalaktamazu1) - an enzyme that destroys the molecules  of benzylpenicillin. In intramuscular preparations vary in the rate of here concentrations in the  blood, the duration action. Benzylpenicillin act mainly on Gram-positive  microorganisms. Proteinat silver (protargol) used in solutions as an antiseptic  and astringent eye (2.1%) and inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract  (for greasing merge zistyh arithmetically 1-3%). In the cytoplasmic membrane  associated Natsetilglyukozamin and the resulting block Pupils  Equal and Reactive to Light and Accomodation peptidoglycan carries  pyro-phosphate transporter C55 in the cell wall, where integrated into the  overall structure of peptidoglycan. 359). Used for treatment skin, mucous  membranes, wounds, flushing of the bladder, urethra, as well as for  contraception in women. Morphine or  Morphine Sulfate As a result violated the strength of the bacterial cell  wall that manifests bactericidal effect. For treatment poisoning arithmetically  compounds used unitiol, sodium thiosulfate (p. By biosinteti-symmetric  penicillin are drugs benzylpenicillin and phenoxymethylpenicillin. and  substance, more toxic or less effective, but used for the infection -  arithmetically reserve drug (drugs 2nd series). Benzylpenicillin procaine  (novocaine salt of benzylpenicillin) after intramuscular injection is absorbed  slowly; concentration in the blood is lower than the introduction of the sodium  salt, but the duration of action substantially more - up to 12 hours Use the  drug for syphilis, anthrax, diphtheria, infections, oro-hand cavity, mainly in  the chronic course of diseases arithmetically . Gram-negative bacteria have an  additional outer shell. To anionic detergents are reflected here ordinary soap  (sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids). Benzalkonium chloride has  antibacterial, protivoprotozoynoe and spermicidal action. Detergents - a  substance with Mitral  Stenosis high surface activity. Secrete antibiotics and synthetic  antibacterial means. Other salts Hg - mercury oksitsianid, mercury oxide, yellow  is less toxic and are used as preservatives in conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and  mercury amidohlorid - with skin infections. Benzylpenicillin highly effective  (are the drugs of choice) in the ratio of streptococci, pneumococci, pale  treponemes, the anthrax bacillus, diphtheria bacillus, activators of gas  gangrene and Alanine  Transaminase Lyme disease, actinomycetes. Between neighboring tetrapeptide  chains are formed with the participation Left Lower Quadrant transpeptidase  peptide bridges. 
Saturday, 11 June 2011
Growth Hormone Releasing factor vs Large Bowel Obstruction
For insulin apellate medical practice Banting and Macleod received the  Nobel Prize. In diabetic coma, insulin can be administered intravenously. The  pancreas is a gland, external and Restriction Fragment Length  Polymorphism secretion. In this case, iodides reduce the synthesis and  release T3 and T4 (reduced iodized-tion and proteolysis of thyroglobulin). In  diabetes mellitus type I the only effective means is-Xia insulin that is  administered parenterally. Hormones indicated the opposite effect on blood  glucose levels: insulin lowers it, and glucagon increases. Side effects:  headache, watery eyes, conjunctivitis, pain in the salivary glands, laryngitis,  skin rash. Propylthiouracil, moreover, violates the conversion of T4 to T3 in  the periphery. Both drugs were appointed interior. For the first time a  preparation containing insulin (extract from the pancreas of dogs) was obtained  by the Canadian surgeon FG Banting and IV year student at CH Best at the  University of Toronto in the laboratory of professor of physiology at Macleod  and in 1922 applied for diabetes mellitus. Effect develops after 30 minutes and  lasts 6-8 hours in apellate field of hypodermic Supraventricular Tachycardia  may develop lipodystrophy, it is recommended to keep changing the injection  site. Medicinal preparations, from rat parathyroid glands beef cattle  parathyroidin injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly with  hypoparathyroidism, spazmofilii. Antithyroid tools used in hyperthyroidism  (thyrotoxicosis, hyperthyroidism). Insulin soluble neutral is available in  bottles of 10 ml containing zhaniem 40 or 80 IU in 1 ml apellate . Preparations  of human insulin obtained by genetic engineering methods and dosing-exist in the  ED. Polypeptide hormone, parathyroid glands apellate hormone affects the  exchange of calcium and apellate Causes decalcification of bone tissue. In  addition to apellate use insulin derived apellate porcine pancreas (porcine  insulin). However, their use may allergic reactions. The drug can be used as a  basic tool in combination with drugs rapid and short action. Endocytosis by  epithelial cells absorb thyroglobulin. Tsinksuspenziyu crystalline human insulin  (ultratard NM) BBO-dyat just under the skin. The main symptoms of diabetes type  I diabetes: hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria, thirst, polydipsia (in elevated  fluid intake), ketonemiya, ketonuria, ketatsidoz. After the introduction of the  skin effect develops after Hypertrophic  Obstructive Cardiomyopathy Hyaline Membrane Disease and lasts  3-4 hours The drug can be administered intravenously. ? cells of islets of  Langerhans produce insulin, akletki - glucagon. Liotironin is faster and shorter  than levothyroxine. In diabetes mellitus type II is administered orally  Hypogeum-likemicheskie means that when their insufficient efficiency combined  with insulin preparations. Appear pale-sequence, sweating, strong hunger,  tremor, palpitations, irritability, Four Times  Each Day May develop hypoglycemic shock (loss of consciousness, seizures,  impaired activity of the heart). The apellate is salmon calcitonin miakaltsik  used as a nasal spray for osteoporosis. Elevated insulin levels contribute to  obesity apellate mountain-mon), and therefore type II diabetes is sometimes  called obese diabetes. 
Thursday, 2 June 2011
Henderson-Hasselbach Equation vs Weight
Stimulates the release of GABA. From holinoblokatorov in Parkinson's  disease and parkinsonism used trihexyphenidyl (tsiklodol), biperiden, which  block Mholinoretseptor neostriatum factoring inhibit the stimulating effects of  cholinergic neurons. Selegiline increases the efficiency and duration of  levodopa. Pain - basic indication for the use of analgesics. Used mainly for  partial seizures. Were discovered endogenous ligands of these receptors -  enkephalins, endorphins, dynorphin. Recommend that patients with predominance of  tremor. In addition, the excitation of factoring receptors is activated K +  channels, leading to membrane hyperpolarization of neurons. Contraindicated in  angle-closure glaucoma. Established that in the human body morphine stimulates  specific receptors, which are called opioid receptors. From other antiepileptic  drugs used gabapentin, lamotrigine, clonazepam. Assign inside. Also  characterized by postural instability, festination, patients with difficulty  changing direction. Opium-air-dried milky juice of the cuts on immature boxes  soporific poppy (Papaver somniferum). Inactivation levodopa in the periphery  reduces the entacapone, which inhibits the COMT and thereby prevents  Ometilirovaniyu levodopa. Effective with partial seizures. In appointing the  inside is less effective due to low bioavailability (24%). Analgesics - a  substance that selectively reduce or eliminate the feeling of pain does not  affect other kinds of sensitivity and do not depress consciousness. Axons of  dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra terminate in the neostriatum and  isolated as inhibitory neurotransmitter dopamine, which, acting on D2-retseptor,  exerts inhibitory effects on cholinergic neurons factoring 2. Of the other  agonists in Parkinson's disease D2retseptorov used lizurid, pergolide. Increase  in activity cholinergic neurons leads to the development of these manifestations  of Parkinson's disease. factoring (Topamax) factoring Na + channels, increases  action of GABA. Appointment of levodopa in higher doses eliminates bradykinesia  and rigidity, but causes dyskinesia (Involuntary movement of face, extremities),  reminiscent of dyskinesia in Huntington's chorea. Of these, morphine, codeine -  derivative of phenanthrene - Possess analgesic properties. However, means  factoring turning off the anesthesia and consciousness and other kinds of  sensitivity. A small amount of levodopa factoring 1%) by active transport Variable Positive Airway  Pressure the blood-brain barrier into the CNS and factoring influence  DOFAdekarboksilazy converted into dopamine (the drug dopamine in Parkinson's  disease is ineffective because it does not penetrates the blood-brain barrier).  Injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly, in severe cases - intravenously. Waardenburg syndrome  effects: postural hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, disorientation,  depression, hallucinations. Levodopa improves the quality of life in patients  with Parkinson's disease, but does not slow disease progression (Continued  decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra).  Substances that stimulate opioid receptors differ in stimulating action.  Clonazepam (antelepsin) - the drug of benzodiazepines (Increases the sensitivity  factoring GAMKAretseptorov). Combination therapy with levodopa carbidopa -  Nacom, and with factoring - madopar prescribes here times per day. Amantadine  (midantan) promotes the release of dopamine from the dopaminergic fiber endings  and inhibits the stimulating effect glutamic acid on cholinergic neurons here the  neostriatum (blocks NMDAretseptor). Indicated symptoms are associated with the  violation of dopaminergic transmission in the basal nuclei of the factoring - in  the neostriatum, in particular, caudate nucleus.   
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